![]() ![]() ![]() Inca practice of descent where all titles and political power went to a successor, but wealth and land remained in the hands of male descendants for support of cult of dead Inca's mummy, which created a self-perpetuating need for expansion. Political grouping of the Chimú culture that ruled the northern coast of Peru beginning around 850 CE and ending around 1470 CE. Incan Empire that stretched from present day Colombia to Chile and eastward to northern Argentina. Ruler of Inca society from 1438 to 1471 who launched a series of military campaigns that gave the Incas control of the region from Cuzco to the shores of Lake Titicaca. Households in Andean societies that recognized some form of kinships and traced descent from some common, and sometimes mythical ancestors. Noble class that was distinguished from commoners and growing wider in separation as the Aztec Empire grew.Ĭoncept whereby local rulers often stayed in place as long as they paid tribute to Aztec overlords-political domination without direct administrative control.Īrose about the same time as the Aztec Empire incorporating many of the aspects of previous Andean cultures in South America. Special merchant class in Aztec society that specialized in long distant trade in luxury items.Ĭlans in Aztec society that later expanded to include residential groups that distributed land and provided labor and warriors. King of Texcoco wrote hymns to the "lord of the close vicinity"-a somewhat monotheist gesture similar to Akhenaton in Egypt, and never gained popularity.īeds of aquatic weeds, mud, and earth placed in frames of cane and rooted in lakes to create floating islands that acted as irrigated agriculture. Tribal patron god who was a central figure of the cult of human sacrifice and warfare identified with the old sun god. The god of rain who was representative of the god of fertility and agriculture. ![]() Staged military engagements where both sides could obtain captives for sacrifice. Toltec language that the Aztecs also spoke and may have aided their rapid rise to power possible.įounded in 1325 CE on a marshy island in Lake Texcoco, this first served as a base for alliances, but by 1428 was the home of the Aztecs as an independent power.Īs the Aztecs expanded and conquered, the changed from a loose association of clans under the authority a supreme leader. Known to themselves as the Mexica, this group won out for control of the lake-based cultural heartland of the center of Mexico and established an imperial state. Louis, Illinois, this Mississippian site that may have been the home of 30,000 people, and a 15 acre mound. Toltec deity known as the feathered serpent who as later adopted by the Aztecs, and may have been believed to return as Topiltzin when Europeans arrived.īetween 1200-1500 CE, the culture was based on maize and bean agriculture, whose towns were located on rivers and had stepped temples made of earth and large burial mounds-evidence of social stratification was found. Religious leader and reformer of the Toltecs in the 10th c., who was dedicated to the God Quetzalcoatl, who later became confused with the God himself. Succeeded Teotihuacan in Central America and were strongly militaristic, including human sacrifice from about 1000CE to 1200CE. The city had a population of 125,000 to 150,000 inhabitants and was dominated by religious structures, including pyramids and temples where human sacrifice was carried out. Large Mesoamerican city at the height of its power in 450-600 C.E. The complex of indigenous cultures that developed in parts of Mexico and Central America prior to Spanish exploration and conquest in the 16th century. Mistaken name created by Columbus referring to indigenous peoples of the New World that implies social and ethnic commonality among Native Americans that did not exist. ![]()
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